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Protected "Help:HTML in wikitext": Highly referenced help page. ([Edit=Require autoconfirmed or confirmed access] (indefinite) [Move=Require autoconfirmed or confirmed access] (indefinite))
{{Locutions pages header}}
{{Wikipedia how to|H:HTML|WP:HTML}}
{{Wiki markup}}
{{HTML}}
The MediaWiki software, which drives Wikipedia, allows the use of a subset of [[HTML5]] [[HTML element|elements]], or tags and their [[HTML attribute|attributes]], for presentation formatting.{{r|sanitizer}} But most HTML can be included by using equivalent [[Help:Wiki markup|wiki markup]] or [[Help:Template|templates]]; these are generally preferred within articles, as they are sometimes simpler for most editors and less intrusive in the editing window; but [[Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style#Keep_markup_simple|Wikipedia's Manual of Style]] recommends their use in certain cases. And HTML is useful outside of articles, for example for formatting within templates. For help with Cascading Style Sheet use within Wikipedia see [[Help:Cascading Style Sheets]].
Some tags look like HTML, but are actually MediaWiki [[#Parser and extension tags|parser and extension tags]], and so are really wiki markup. HTML in pages can be checked for HTML5 compliance by using [[#Validation|validation]]. Some elements and attributes are supported by MediaWiki and browsers, but have been [[Wikipedia:HTML5|deprecated by HTML5]], and therefore should no longer be used.
{{TOC limit|3}}
== Tutorials ==
This help page gives only an overview of allowed markup. For further assistance and detailed specifications:
* [https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Guide/HTML/HTML5/Introduction_to_HTML5 HTML5 Introduction] at developer.mozilla.org
* [http://www.w3schools.com/html/html5_intro.asp HTML5 Introduction] at w3schools.com
== Attributes ==
[[HTML attribute]]s provide additional information about an element and are always specified in the start tag. They are formatted as a name/value pair like <code>name="value"</code>.
Global attributes apply to all tags. Attributes not listed here are not allowed by MediaWiki{{r|sanitizer}}:
* <code>class</code>: one or more classifications to which the element belongs. See [[Wikipedia:Catalogue of CSS classes]].
* <code>dir</code>: text direction— <code>"ltr"</code> (left-to-right), <code>"rtl"</code> (right-to-left) or <code>"auto"</code>.
* <code>id</code>: unique identifier for the element.
* <code>lang</code>: primary language for the contents of the element per [[BCP 47]]. The MediaWiki software automatically adds the <code>xml:lang</code> attribute whenever <code>lang</code> is defined, but <code>xml:lang</code> will no longer be passed when included as a separate attribute.
* <code>style</code>: applies CSS styling to the contents of the element.
* <code>title</code>: advisory information associated with the element.
HTML5 microdata attributes apply to all tags:{{r|html5microdata}}
* Any attribute beginning with <code>data-</code>
* <code>itemid</code>
* <code>itemprop</code>
* <code>itemref</code>
* <code>itemscope</code>
* <code>itemtype</code>
<!-- As of 10 January 2013, $wgAllowRdfaAttributes is not enabled, thus the attributes will be stripped
[[RDFa]] attributes:{{r|rdfa}}
* <code>about</code>
* <code>property</code>
* <code>resource</code>
* <code>datatype</code>
* <code>typeof</code>
-->
Other tags such as {{tag|table|o}} support specific attributes – these are listed in the appropriate section.
{{markup
|<nowiki>This is <span style="color:red;">red</span> text.</nowiki>
|2=This is <span style="color:red;">red</span> text.
}}
The MediaWiki {{sanitizer.php}} does some cleanup on attributes. A best practice is to use the proper syntax.
* Discards attributes not on a whitelist for the given element.
* Turns broken or invalid entities into plaintext.
* Double-quotes all attribute values.
* Attributes without values are given the name as value.
* Double attributes are discarded.
* Unsafe style attributes are discarded.
* Prepends space if there are attributes.
== Elements ==
These [[HTML element]]s are supported by the MediaWiki software. This section gives a brief overview of the HTML element, an example, relevant wikimarkup and templates.
=== Basic ===
==== h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 ====
{{see|Help:Section|MOS:HEAD}}
The {{tag|h1}} through {{tag|h6}} tags are headings for the sections with which they are associated. {{tag|h1|o}} is used for the article title. Headings are [[Help:Cascading Style Sheets#Wiki headings|styled through CSS]] and added to the page's [[Help:table of contents|table of contents]].
{{markup
|<nowiki><h1>Heading 1</h1>
<h2>Heading 2</h2>
<h3>Heading 3</h3>
<h4>Heading 4</h4>
<h5>Heading 5</h5>
<h6>Heading 6</h6></nowiki>
|{{fakeheading|sub=1|Heading 1}}
{{fakeheading|sub=2|Heading 2}}
{{fakeheading|sub=3|Heading 3}}
{{fakeheading|sub=4|Heading 4}}
{{fakeheading|sub=5|Heading 5}}
{{fakeheading|sub=6|Heading 6}}
}}
Wikimarkup: surround the text with the appropriate number of equal signs. Headers formatted with wikimarkup add an [edit] link.
<section begin="WIKI_section" />
{{markup
|<nowiki>= Heading 1 =
== Heading 2 ==
=== Heading 3 ===
==== Heading 4 ====
===== Heading 5 =====
====== Heading 6 ======
</nowiki>|{{fake heading|sub=1|Heading 1}}
{{fake heading|sub=2|Heading 2}}
{{fake heading|sub=3|Heading 3}}
{{fake heading|sub=4|Heading 4}}
{{fake heading|sub=5|Heading 5}}
{{fake heading|sub=6|Heading 6}}
}}
<section end="WIKI_section" />
Templates: {{tlx|fake heading}} for use in documentation
==== p ====
{{tag|p}} tag places content into a separate paragraph.
{{markup
|<nowiki><p>HyperText Markup Language</p><p>HyperText Markup Language</p></nowiki>
|<p>HyperText Markup Language</p><p>HyperText Markup Language</p>
}}
Wikimarkup: Separate paragraphs by a single blank line.
{{markup
|<nowiki>HyperText Markup Language
HyperText Markup Language</nowiki>
|HyperText Markup Language
HyperText Markup Language
}}
{{tag|p}} is especially useful in lists, for list items with multiple paragraphs:
{{markup|<nowiki>
* <p>This is a paragraph.</p><p>This is another paragraph in the same item.</p>
* This is a different item.</nowiki>
|
* <p>This is a paragraph.</p><p>This is another paragraph in the same item.</p>
* This is a different item.}}
Note that the closing tag {{tag|p|c}} is not strictly necessary for MediaWiki installations that output HTML 5 (such as Wikipedia).
==== br ====
{{see|Help:Line-break handling#<br />|Wikipedia:Don't use line breaks}}
{{tag|br|o}} or {{tag|br|s}} inserts a line break. Both versions of the break are supported by HTML5. {{tag|br|c}} is invalid. Using {{tag|br|o}} without the <code>/</code> breaks [[Wikipedia:Syntax highlighting#Syntax highlighting of wiki-code for editors|syntax highlighting]], so should be avoided.
{{markup
|<nowiki>HyperText<br />Markup Language</nowiki>
|HyperText<br />Markup Language
}}
Templates:
* {{tlx|break}} adds multiple line breaks.
* {{tlx|crlf2}} adds a true carriage return and line feed.
* {{tlx|clear}} adds a break with styling to clear floating elements.
* {{tlx|plainlist}} creates an unbulleted list.
==== hr ====
{{see|WP:LINE}}
{{tag|hr|o}} or {{tag|hr|s}} represents a paragraph-level thematic break and presents as a horizontal rule.
{{markup
|<nowiki><hr /></nowiki>
|<hr />
}}
Wikimarkup: use <code>----</code>
{{markup
|<nowiki>----</nowiki>
|{{crlf2}}
----
}}
Templates: {{tlx|hr}}
==== Comments ====
{{see|WP:COMMENT}}
{{tag|!--}} formats the enclosed text as a hidden comment.
{{markup
|<nowiki>HyperText<!--Markup Language--></nowiki>
|HyperText<!--Markup Language-->
}}
Be careful with spacing around comments. Surrounding a comment with blank lines will result in a blank paragraph, perceived as an extra two blank lines:
{{markup|<nowiki>Content line 1
<!-- Comment -->
Content line 2</nowiki>|Content line 1
<!-- Comment -->
Content line 2}}
=== Formatting ===
==== abbr ====
{{tag|abbr}} creates a tooltip to define an abbreviation or acronym that is displayed on mouse-over.
{{markup
|<nowiki><abbr title="HyperText Markup Language">HTML</abbr></nowiki>
|2=<abbr title="HyperText Markup Language">HTML</abbr>
}}
Templates: {{tlx|abbr}}
==== b ====
{{see|MOS:BOLD}}
{{tag|b}} formats text stylistically offset from other text (bold) without conveying extra importance.
{{markup
|<nowiki><b>HyperText Markup Language</b></nowiki>
|<b>HyperText Markup Language</b>
}}
Wikimarkup: Use <code><nowiki>'''</nowiki></code> to open and close bold text.
{{markup
|<nowiki>'''HyperText Markup Language'''</nowiki>
|'''HyperText Markup Language'''
}}
==== bdi ====
{{tag|bdi}} isolates the content from the surrounding text-direction settings.
{{markup
|<nowiki>اليمين إلى اليسارleft to right
</nowiki>
|اليمين إلى اليسارleft to right
|<nowiki>اليمين إلى اليسار<bdi>left to right</bdi></nowiki>
|اليمين إلى اليسار<bdi>left to right</bdi>
}}
Support: Firefox, Chrome
==== bdo ====
{{tag|bdo}} specifies the text direction.
Attributes and values:
* <code>dir</code> — Specifies the text direction.
** <code>ltr</code>
** <code>rtl</code>
{{markup
|1=<nowiki><bdo dir="rtl">HyperText Markup Language</bdo></nowiki>
|2=<bdo dir="rtl">HyperText Markup Language</bdo>
}}
==== blockquote ====
{{see|MOS:QUOTE}}
{{tag|blockquote}} presents text in an offset block.
{{markup
|<nowiki><blockquote>HyperText Markup Language</blockquote></nowiki>
|<blockquote>HyperText Markup Language</blockquote>
}}
Templates: {{tlx|quote}}; supports pre-formatted attribution and source parameters. For other specialized quotation templates, see [[:Category:Quotation templates]].
==== cite ====
{{tag|cite}} contains the title of a work. This is a new definition in HTML5— in the previous XML implementation {{tag|cite|o}} was used to contain a citation or a reference to other sources. No formatting is applied when this tag is used.
{{markup
|<nowiki><cite>HyperText Markup Language</cite></nowiki>
|<cite>HyperText Markup Language</cite>
}}
==== code ====
{{tag|code}} formats a section of computer code. Styled with CSS through {{elements.css}} as a monospaced slab serif typeface with border.
{{markup
|<nowiki><code>HyperText Markup Language</code></nowiki>
|<code>HyperText Markup Language</code>
}}
Templates: {{tlx|code}} uses {{xtag|syntaxhighlight}}. See the "See also" section at the template page for additional code-markup templates.
See the {{section link||samp}} and {{section link||kbd}} sections of this page for semantic markup of output and input, respectively.
==== data ====
{{tag|data}} formats a machine-readable version of contents.
{{markup
|<nowiki><data value="978-0764502149">HTML for Dummies</data></nowiki>
|2=<data value="978-0764502149">HTML for Dummies</data>
}}
Attributes: <code>value</code>
==== del ====
{{tag|del}} formats deleted text.
{{markup
|<nowiki><del>HyperText Markup Language</del></nowiki>
|<del>HyperText Markup Language</del>
}}
==== dfn ====
{{tag|dfn}} is used for indicating the defining instance of a term.
{{markup
|<nowiki><dfn>Definition</dfn></nowiki>
|<dfn>Definition</dfn>
}}
Templates: {{tlx|dfn}}
==== em ====
{{see|MOS:ITALIC}}
{{tag|em}} represents a span of text with emphatic stress (i.e. semantic emphasis). In most browsers, it renders as italic.
{{markup
|<nowiki><em>HyperText Markup Language</em></nowiki>
|<em>HyperText Markup Language</em>
}}
Templates: {{tlx|em}}
==== i ====
{{see|MOS:ITALIC}}
{{tag|i}} represents a span of text offset from its surrounding content without conveying any extra emphasis or importance, and for which the conventional typographic presentation is italic text.
{{markup
|<nowiki><i>HyperText Markup Language</i></nowiki>
|<i>HyperText Markup Language</i>
}}
Wikimarkup: Use <code><nowiki>''</nowiki></code> to open and close italic text.
{{markup
|<nowiki>''HyperText Markup Language''</nowiki>
|''HyperText Markup Language''
}}
==== ins ====
{{tag|ins}} indicates a range of text that has been added. Styled as underlined text. Used on talk pages to indicate refactored text; see [[WP:REDACT]].
{{markup
|<nowiki><ins>HyperText Markup Language</ins></nowiki>
|<ins>HyperText Markup Language</ins>
}}
==== kbd ====
{{tag|kbd}} indicates user input such as keyboard input or voice commands.
{{markup
|<nowiki>Press <kbd>Enter</kbd></nowiki>
|Press <kbd>Enter</kbd>
}}
Templates:
* {{tlx|kbd}} applies monospace styling, and a light-grey background to distinguish from code ({{tag|code|o}}) and output ({{tag|samp|o}} or {{tlx|samp}}).
* {{tlx|key press}} renders illustrated keys and keystrokes.
==== mark ====
{{tag|mark}} represents a run of text in one document marked or highlighted for reference purposes, due to its relevance in another context. Marked text is formatted with a yellow background by default.
{{markup
|<nowiki><mark>HyperText Markup Language</mark></nowiki>
|<mark>HyperText Markup Language</mark>
|<nowiki><mark style="background:lightblue;">HyperText Markup Language</mark></nowiki>
|4=<mark style="background:lightblue;">HyperText Markup Language</mark>
}}
Support: Not supported by Internet Explorer 8 and below.
==== pre ====
{{tag|pre}} element represents a block of preformatted text. In MediaWiki, {{xtag|pre}} is actually a parser tag and not HTML, but the function is the same. It also prevents the parsing of templates.
{{markup
|<nowiki><pre>HyperText Markup Language</pre></nowiki>
|<pre>
HyperText Markup Language
</pre>
}}
===== HTML entities =====
{{tag|pre|o}} parses [[Character encodings in HTML|HTML entities]]. If you want to escape this, replace <code>&</code> with <code>&amp;</code>, or use {{xtag|source|params = lang="text"}} instead.
{{markup
|<nowiki><pre>&amp;</pre></nowiki>
|<pre>
&
</pre>
|<nowiki><pre>&lt;</pre></nowiki>
|<pre>
<
</pre>
|<nowiki><pre>&amp;amp;</pre></nowiki>
|<pre>
&amp;
</pre>
|<nowiki><pre>&amp;lt;</pre></nowiki>
|<pre>
&lt;
</pre>
}}
Templates:
* {{tlx|pre}} wraps text that overflows the page.
* {{tlx|pre2}} wraps or uses scrollbox.
==== q ====
{{tag|q}} is used to mark a short quotation. There has been very little implementation of this element in Wikipedia yet.
{{markup
|<nowiki><q>HyperText Markup Language</q></nowiki>
|<q>HyperText Markup Language</q>
}}
==== rp, rt, ruby ====
{{see|Ruby character}}
{{tag|ruby}} marks spans of phrasing content with ruby annotations.
{{tag|rt}} marks the ruby text component of a ruby annotation; the ruby text shows in a reduced size over top of the normal characters.
{{tag|rp}} is used to provide parentheses around a ruby text component of a ruby annotation, to be shown by user agents that don’t support ruby annotations.
Browsers that do not support ruby characters will show the ruby text in normal size, enclosed in parentheses and after the normal content.
{{markup
|<nowiki><ruby>
東<rp>(</rp><rt>とう</rt><rp>)</rp>
京<rp>(</rp><rt>きょう</rt><rp>)</rp>
</ruby></nowiki>
|<ruby>
東<rp>(</rp><rt>とう</rt><rp>)</rp>
京<rp>(</rp><rt>きょう</rt><rp>)</rp>
</ruby>
}}
Templates:
* {{tlx|ruby}}
* {{tlx|ruby-ja}} for Japanese
* {{tlx|Ruby-zh-p}} for Chinese pinyin
* {{tlx|Ruby-zh-b}} for Chinese bopomofo
==== s ====
{{tag|s}} is used to indicate content that is no longer accurate or relevant and that has been struck from the page. It is not appropriate when indicating document edits; to mark a span of text as having been removed from a document, use {{tag|del|o}}.
{{markup
|<nowiki><s>HyperText Markup Language</s></nowiki>
|<s>HyperText Markup Language</s>
}}
Templates: {{tlx|strikethrough}}
==== samp ====
{{tag|samp}} indicates sample output from a program or computing system. Examples include: output of a program, script, or Wikipedia template; status displays or audio announcements made by an app or device; file system directory listings and samples from them, such as paths and file names.
{{markup
|<nowiki><samp>HyperText Markup Language</samp></nowiki>
|<samp>HyperText Markup Language</samp>
}}
Templates: {{tlx|samp}} applies monospace styling, and gives the text in dark grey to distinguish from code ({{tag|code|o}}) and input ({{tag|kbd|o}} or {{tlx|kbd}}).
==== small ====
{{see|WP:FONTSIZE}}
{{tag|small}} format small text.
{{markup
|<nowiki><small>HyperText Markup Language</small></nowiki>
|<small>HyperText Markup Language</small>
}}
Templates:
* {{tlx|small}} uses {{tag|small|o|params=style="font-size:85%;"}}. {{tlx|small}} is recommended over {{tag|small|o}} since not all browsers render small text the same.
==== strong ====
{{tag|strong}} formats a span of text with strong importance or unusual emphasis; in most browsers it renders as boldface. This should generally not be used in Wikipedia articles, per [[WP:Neutral point of view]] policy. See [[MOS:BOLD]] on use of this element and other boldfacing. Most semantic emphasis, including in quoted material, should be rendered with the {{tag|em|o}} element.
{{markup
|<nowiki><strong>HyperText Markup Language</strong></nowiki>
|<strong>HyperText Markup Language</strong>
}}
Templates: {{tlx|strong}}
==== sub ====
{{see|WP:SUBSCRIPT}}
{{tag|sub}} formats a span of text as a subscript.
{{markup
|<nowiki>HyperText <sub>Markup Language</sub></nowiki>
|HyperText <sub>Markup Language</sub>
}}
Templates:
* {{tlx|sub}} ({{sub|subscript}} text)
* {{tlx|subsub}} ({{subsub|subscript subscript}} text)
* {{tlx|ssub}} ({{ssub|subscript, small}} text)
* {{tlx|sup}} ({{sup|superscript}} text)
* {{tlx|su}} ({{su|p=superscript|b=subscript}} text)
* {{tlx|sup sub}} (text{{sup sub|sup|sub}})
* {{tlx|e}} (1.23{{e|4}})
==== sup ====
{{see|WP:SUPSCRIPT}}
{{tag|sup}} formats a span of text as a superscript.
{{markup
|<nowiki>HyperText <sup>Markup Language</sup></nowiki>
|HyperText <sup>Markup Language</sup>
}}
Templates:
* {{tlx|sub}} ({{sub|subscript}} text)
* {{tlx|subsub}} ({{subsub|subscript subscript}} text)
* {{tlx|ssub}} ({{ssub|subscript, small}} text)
* {{tlx|sup}} ({{sup|superscript}} text)
* {{tlx|su}} ({{su|p=superscript|b=subscript}} text)
* {{tlx|sup sub}} (text{{sup sub|sup|sub}})
* {{tlx|e}} (1.23{{e|4}})
==== time ====
{{tag|time}} defines either a time (24 hour clock), or a date in the Gregorian calendar, optionally with a time and a time-zone offset.
{{markup
|<nowiki><time>10:00</time></nowiki>
|<time>10:00</time>
}}
Attributes: <code>datetime</code>
Support: Not supported by Internet Explorer 8 and below.
==== u ====
{{see|MOS:BADEMPHASIS|MOS:QUOTE}}
{{tag|u}} represents a span of text offset from its surrounding content without conveying any extra emphasis or importance, and for which the conventional typographic presentation is underlining; for example, a span of text in Chinese that is a proper name (a Chinese proper name mark), or span of text that is known to be misspelled.
{{markup
|<nowiki><u>HyperText Markup Language</u></nowiki>
|<u>HyperText Markup Language</u>
}}
Templates: {{tlx|underline}}
==== var ====
{{see|MOS:ITALIC}}
{{tag|var}} formats text in italics to indicate a variable in a mathematical expression or programming context, or placeholder text that the reader is meant to mentally replace with some other literal value.
{{markup
|1=
*<nowiki><var>E</var>=<var>m</var>c<sup>2</sup> (c is a constant not a variable)</nowiki>
*<nowiki><code><nowiki>{{</nowiki><var>TemplateName</var>|<var>parameter</var>=<var>value</var><nowiki>}}</nowiki></code></nowiki>
*<nowiki>If <var>A</var> then <var>B</var></nowiki>
|2=
*<var>E</var>=<var>m</var>c<sup>2</sup> (c is a constant not a variable)<br />
*<code><nowiki>{{</nowiki><var>TemplateName</var>{{!}}<var>parameter</var>=<var>value</var><nowiki>}}</nowiki></code><br />
*If <var>A</var> then <var>B</var>
}}
Templates:
* {{tlx|var}}
* {{tlx|varserif}} formatted in italic serif to differentiate characters
==== wbr ====
{{see| Wikipedia:Line-break handling}}
{{tag|wbr|o}} is a word break opportunity; that is, it specifies where it would be OK to add a line-break where a word is too long, or it is perceived that the browser will break a line at the wrong place.
{{markup
|<nowiki>Now is the time to become a power editor, by learning HyperText Markup Language</nowiki>
|Now is the time to become a power editor, by learning HyperText Markup Language
|<nowiki>Now is the time to become a power editor, by learning Hyper<wbr>Text Markup Language</nowiki>
|Now is the time to become a power editor, by learning Hyper<wbr />Text Markup Language
}}
As the browser window is adjusted narrower, the second example wraps between ''Hyper'' and ''Text''.
=== Lists ===
{{see|Help:List|MOS:LIST}}
Do not leave blank lines between items in a list unless there is a reason to do so, since this causes the MediaWiki software to interpret each item as beginning a new list.
==== dl, dt, dd ====
{{tag|dl}}, {{tag|dt}} and {{tag|dd}} are used to create a description list (formerly definition list) with terms and descriptions. Terms are displayed in bold and descriptions are indented. Each term <em>must</em> include one or more descriptions.
{{markup
|<nowiki><dl>
<dt>Term</dt>
<dd>Definition 1</dd>
<dd>Definition 2</dd>
</dl></nowiki>
|<dl>
<dt>Term</dt>
<dd>Definition 1</dd>
<dd>Definition 2</dd>
</dl>
}}
Wikimarkup: {{tag|dt|o}} is created using <code>;</code> while automatically enclosed in {{tag|dl}}. {{tag|dd|o}} is created using <code>:</code> for each value. For a single or first value the <code>:</code> can be placed on the same line after <code>;</code> where subsequent values must be placed on separate lines.
{{markup
|<nowiki>; Term
: Definition 1
: Definition 2</nowiki>
|<dl><!-- this wikimarkup does not render in this template -->
<dt>Term</dt>
<dd>Definition 1</dd>
<dd>Definition 2</dd>
</dl>
}}
Templates: {{tlx|defn}}
==== ol, ul, li ====
{{tag|ol}} represents an ordered list; {{tag|ul}} represents an unordered list; {{tag|li}} represents a list item within either type of list.
{{markup
|<nowiki><ol>
<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2</li>
</ol></nowiki>
|<ol>
<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2</li>
</ol>
|<nowiki><ul>
<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2</li>
</ul></nowiki>
|<ul>
<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2</li>
</ul>
}}
Wikimarkup: use <code>*</code> for items in an unordered list and <code>#</code> for ordered lists.
{{markup
|1=<nowiki># Item 1
# Item 2</nowiki>
|2=<nowiki />
# Item 1
# Item 2
|3=<nowiki>* Item 1
* Item 2</nowiki>
|4=<nowiki />
* Item 1
* Item 2
}}
Templates: for a variety of specialized uses, see [[:Category:List formatting and function templates]].
=== Containers ===
==== div ====
{{see|Span and div}}
{{tag|div}} is a generic container for flow content that displays as a block element.
{{markup
|<nowiki>HyperText <div>Markup</div> Language</nowiki>
|HyperText <div>Markup</div> Language
}}
==== span ====
{{see|Span and div}}
{{tag|span}} is a container for flow content that displays as an inline element.
{{markup
|<nowiki>HyperText <span>Markup</span> Language</nowiki>
|HyperText Markup Language
}}
=== Tables ===
{{see|Help:Table|MOS:TABLES}}
==== table, td, tr ====
{{tag|table}} defines a table.
{{tag|tr}} defines a table row.
{{tag|td}} defines a data cell with contents that may include text, links, images, lists, forms, other tables, etc.
{{markup
|<nowiki><table border=1>
<tr>
<td>data</td>
<td>data</td>
</tr>
</table></nowiki>
|2=<table border=1>
<tr>
<td>data</td>
<td>data</td>
</tr>
</table>
}}
Attributes:
* {{tag|table|o}}:
*: Allowed but not recommended: <code>border=""</code> and <code>border="1"</code>
*: Allowed but obsolete: <code>border</code> (with a non-empty value different from "1"), <code>align</code>, <code>bgcolor</code>, <code>cellpadding</code>, <code>cellspacing</code>, <code>frame</code>, <code>rules</code>, <code>summary</code>, <code>width</code><ref name="w3c_obsolete" />
* {{tag|td|o}}: <code>colspan</code>, <code>headers</code>, <code>rowspan</code>
*: Allowed but obsolete: <code>abbr</code>, <code>align</code>, <code>axis</code>, <code>bgcolor</code>, <code>scope</code>, <code>height</code>, <code>nowrap</code>, <code>valign</code>, <code>width</code><ref name="w3c_obsolete" />
==== th ====
{{tag|th}} defines a table header; styled as centered and bold.
{{markup
|<nowiki><table border="1">
<tr>
<th>Header</th>
<th>Header</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>data</td>
<td>data</td>
</tr>
</table></nowiki>
|2=<table border="1">
<tr>
<th>Header</th>
<th>Header</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>data</td>
<td>data</td>
</tr>
</table>
}}
Attributes:
* {{tag|th|o}}: <code>colspan</code>, <code>headers</code>, <code>rowspan</code>, <code>scope</code>
*: Allowed but obsolete: <code>abbr</code>, <code>align</code>, <code>axis</code>, <code>bgcolor</code>, <code>height</code>, <code>nowrap</code>, <code>valign</code>, <code>width</code><ref name="w3c_obsolete" />
==== caption ====
{{tag|caption}} adds a caption to a table.
{{markup
|<nowiki><table border=1>
<caption>Caption</caption>
<tr>
<td>data</td>
<td>data</td>
</tr>
</table></nowiki>
|2=<table border=1>
<caption>Caption</caption>
<tr>
<td>data</td>
<td>data</td>
</tr>
</table>
}}
Attributes:
* {{tag|caption|o}}:
*: Allowed but obsolete: <code>align</code><ref name="w3c_obsolete" />
==== thead, tfoot, tbody ====
{{tag|thead|o}}, {{tag|tfoot|o}} and {{tag|tbody|o}} are not supported, but are automatically generated when the page is rendered.
== Obsolete/deprecated elements ==
{{main|Wikipedia:HTML5#Obsolete elements and attributes}}
These elements are now obsolete and deprecated in HTML5, but still supported by browsers.<ref name="w3c_obsolete" /> These tags either have an alternate tag or a template that replaces their function with CSS. See {{slink|Wikipedia:HTML5#Obsolete elements and attributes}} for more details on obsolete HTML parts and their replacements.
=== center ===
{{for|centering tables|Help:Table#Centering tables}}
{{dc|{{tag|center}} (obsolete)}} is used to center text elements.
Templates: {{tlx|center}} uses CSS.
=== font ===
{{dc|{{tag|font}} (obsolete)}} is used to set the font size, font face and color of text.
Templates: {{tlx|font}} uses CSS.
=== rb ===
{{dc|{{tag|rb}} (obsolete)}} Used to mark base text in a ruby annotation
=== strike ===
{{dc|{{tag|strike}} (obsolete)}} formats strike-through characters; use {{tag|s|o}} instead.
=== tt ===
{{dc|{{tag|tt}} (obsolete)}} formats text in a fixed-width font. Use {{tag|code|o}}, {{tag|kbd|o}} or {{tag|samp|o}} instead.
Templates: {{tlx|mono}} uses CSS.
== Unsupported elements ==
These elements are not supported, but have equivalent wiki markup. Attempting to use any element not whitelisted by {{sanitizer.php}} will result in the markup showing as plain text.
=== a ===
{{details|Help:Wiki markup#Links and URLs}}
{{tag|a|o}} is used to create links. Use the <code><nowiki>[[ ]]</nowiki></code> wikimarkup for internal/intrawiki links and [[interwiki links]], and <code><nowiki>[ ]</nowiki></code> for external links.
=== input ===
{{details|mw:Extension:InputBox}}
{{tag|input|o}} is used to create [[Form (HTML)|forms]]. The {{xtag|inputbox}} extension tag is used to create a text box with a button.
== HTML Tidy ==
[[HTML Tidy]] is an outdated HTML4 library that is [[:mw:Parsing/Replacing Tidy|slated for removal]]. Tidy parses the MediaWiki output and cleans it up to increase the likelihood that valid HTML4 is rendered. For example, with Tidy enabled, {{tag|br|o}}, {{tag|br|c}}, {{tag|br/|o}}, {{tag|br.|o}} all rendered as {{tag|br|s}}. Tidy is not enabled for [[Help:MediaWiki namespace|MediaWiki interface pages]]. Tidy was never perfect and has been known to introduce errors.
== Exceptions ==
In some pages in the [[Help:MediaWiki namespace|MediaWiki namespace]], typically the short messages like button labels, HTML is not parsed, and tags will be exposed.
User and sitewide [[CSS]] and [[JavaScript]] pages are interpreted as if inside a {{tag|pre|o}} block. See [[Help:User style]].
== Validation ==
{{Main|Help:Markup validation}}
The MediaWiki software attempts to fix HTML errors, but it does not catch all of them. Where HTML is used, it is helpful to verify it with the [[W3C Markup Validation Service]].
== Parser and extension tags ==
{{shortcut|Help:Extension tag|Help:Parser tag}}
{{#section:Template:Xtag/doc|xtag}}
== See also ==
* [[Help:Wiki markup]]
* [[Wikipedia:HTML5]]
== References ==
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name="w3c_obsolete">{{cite web |title=HTML5: A vocabulary and associated APIs for HTML and XHTML: Obsolete Features |work=W3C |date=31 July 2014 |url=http://www.w3.org/TR/html5/obsolete.html}}</ref>
<ref name="sanitizer">Allowable elements and attributes are defined in the {{sanitizer.php}} module.</ref>
<ref name="html5microdata">{{cite web |title=The microdata model |work=HTML Living Standard |url=http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/multipage/microdata.html#the-microdata-model}}</ref>
}}
== External links ==
* HTML 4.01 specification: [http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/index/elements.html elements] | [http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/index/attributes.html attributes]
{{Help navigation}}
{{Wikipedia technical help|collapsed}}
[[Category:Wikipedia editor help]]
{{Wikipedia how to|H:HTML|WP:HTML}}
{{Wiki markup}}
{{HTML}}
The MediaWiki software, which drives Wikipedia, allows the use of a subset of [[HTML5]] [[HTML element|elements]], or tags and their [[HTML attribute|attributes]], for presentation formatting.{{r|sanitizer}} But most HTML can be included by using equivalent [[Help:Wiki markup|wiki markup]] or [[Help:Template|templates]]; these are generally preferred within articles, as they are sometimes simpler for most editors and less intrusive in the editing window; but [[Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style#Keep_markup_simple|Wikipedia's Manual of Style]] recommends their use in certain cases. And HTML is useful outside of articles, for example for formatting within templates. For help with Cascading Style Sheet use within Wikipedia see [[Help:Cascading Style Sheets]].
Some tags look like HTML, but are actually MediaWiki [[#Parser and extension tags|parser and extension tags]], and so are really wiki markup. HTML in pages can be checked for HTML5 compliance by using [[#Validation|validation]]. Some elements and attributes are supported by MediaWiki and browsers, but have been [[Wikipedia:HTML5|deprecated by HTML5]], and therefore should no longer be used.
{{TOC limit|3}}
== Tutorials ==
This help page gives only an overview of allowed markup. For further assistance and detailed specifications:
* [https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Guide/HTML/HTML5/Introduction_to_HTML5 HTML5 Introduction] at developer.mozilla.org
* [http://www.w3schools.com/html/html5_intro.asp HTML5 Introduction] at w3schools.com
== Attributes ==
[[HTML attribute]]s provide additional information about an element and are always specified in the start tag. They are formatted as a name/value pair like <code>name="value"</code>.
Global attributes apply to all tags. Attributes not listed here are not allowed by MediaWiki{{r|sanitizer}}:
* <code>class</code>: one or more classifications to which the element belongs. See [[Wikipedia:Catalogue of CSS classes]].
* <code>dir</code>: text direction— <code>"ltr"</code> (left-to-right), <code>"rtl"</code> (right-to-left) or <code>"auto"</code>.
* <code>id</code>: unique identifier for the element.
* <code>lang</code>: primary language for the contents of the element per [[BCP 47]]. The MediaWiki software automatically adds the <code>xml:lang</code> attribute whenever <code>lang</code> is defined, but <code>xml:lang</code> will no longer be passed when included as a separate attribute.
* <code>style</code>: applies CSS styling to the contents of the element.
* <code>title</code>: advisory information associated with the element.
HTML5 microdata attributes apply to all tags:{{r|html5microdata}}
* Any attribute beginning with <code>data-</code>
* <code>itemid</code>
* <code>itemprop</code>
* <code>itemref</code>
* <code>itemscope</code>
* <code>itemtype</code>
<!-- As of 10 January 2013, $wgAllowRdfaAttributes is not enabled, thus the attributes will be stripped
[[RDFa]] attributes:{{r|rdfa}}
* <code>about</code>
* <code>property</code>
* <code>resource</code>
* <code>datatype</code>
* <code>typeof</code>
-->
Other tags such as {{tag|table|o}} support specific attributes – these are listed in the appropriate section.
{{markup
|<nowiki>This is <span style="color:red;">red</span> text.</nowiki>
|2=This is <span style="color:red;">red</span> text.
}}
The MediaWiki {{sanitizer.php}} does some cleanup on attributes. A best practice is to use the proper syntax.
* Discards attributes not on a whitelist for the given element.
* Turns broken or invalid entities into plaintext.
* Double-quotes all attribute values.
* Attributes without values are given the name as value.
* Double attributes are discarded.
* Unsafe style attributes are discarded.
* Prepends space if there are attributes.
== Elements ==
These [[HTML element]]s are supported by the MediaWiki software. This section gives a brief overview of the HTML element, an example, relevant wikimarkup and templates.
=== Basic ===
==== h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 ====
{{see|Help:Section|MOS:HEAD}}
The {{tag|h1}} through {{tag|h6}} tags are headings for the sections with which they are associated. {{tag|h1|o}} is used for the article title. Headings are [[Help:Cascading Style Sheets#Wiki headings|styled through CSS]] and added to the page's [[Help:table of contents|table of contents]].
{{markup
|<nowiki><h1>Heading 1</h1>
<h2>Heading 2</h2>
<h3>Heading 3</h3>
<h4>Heading 4</h4>
<h5>Heading 5</h5>
<h6>Heading 6</h6></nowiki>
|{{fakeheading|sub=1|Heading 1}}
{{fakeheading|sub=2|Heading 2}}
{{fakeheading|sub=3|Heading 3}}
{{fakeheading|sub=4|Heading 4}}
{{fakeheading|sub=5|Heading 5}}
{{fakeheading|sub=6|Heading 6}}
}}
Wikimarkup: surround the text with the appropriate number of equal signs. Headers formatted with wikimarkup add an [edit] link.
<section begin="WIKI_section" />
{{markup
|<nowiki>= Heading 1 =
== Heading 2 ==
=== Heading 3 ===
==== Heading 4 ====
===== Heading 5 =====
====== Heading 6 ======
</nowiki>|{{fake heading|sub=1|Heading 1}}
{{fake heading|sub=2|Heading 2}}
{{fake heading|sub=3|Heading 3}}
{{fake heading|sub=4|Heading 4}}
{{fake heading|sub=5|Heading 5}}
{{fake heading|sub=6|Heading 6}}
}}
<section end="WIKI_section" />
Templates: {{tlx|fake heading}} for use in documentation
==== p ====
{{tag|p}} tag places content into a separate paragraph.
{{markup
|<nowiki><p>HyperText Markup Language</p><p>HyperText Markup Language</p></nowiki>
|<p>HyperText Markup Language</p><p>HyperText Markup Language</p>
}}
Wikimarkup: Separate paragraphs by a single blank line.
{{markup
|<nowiki>HyperText Markup Language
HyperText Markup Language</nowiki>
|HyperText Markup Language
HyperText Markup Language
}}
{{tag|p}} is especially useful in lists, for list items with multiple paragraphs:
{{markup|<nowiki>
* <p>This is a paragraph.</p><p>This is another paragraph in the same item.</p>
* This is a different item.</nowiki>
|
* <p>This is a paragraph.</p><p>This is another paragraph in the same item.</p>
* This is a different item.}}
Note that the closing tag {{tag|p|c}} is not strictly necessary for MediaWiki installations that output HTML 5 (such as Wikipedia).
==== br ====
{{see|Help:Line-break handling#<br />|Wikipedia:Don't use line breaks}}
{{tag|br|o}} or {{tag|br|s}} inserts a line break. Both versions of the break are supported by HTML5. {{tag|br|c}} is invalid. Using {{tag|br|o}} without the <code>/</code> breaks [[Wikipedia:Syntax highlighting#Syntax highlighting of wiki-code for editors|syntax highlighting]], so should be avoided.
{{markup
|<nowiki>HyperText<br />Markup Language</nowiki>
|HyperText<br />Markup Language
}}
Templates:
* {{tlx|break}} adds multiple line breaks.
* {{tlx|crlf2}} adds a true carriage return and line feed.
* {{tlx|clear}} adds a break with styling to clear floating elements.
* {{tlx|plainlist}} creates an unbulleted list.
==== hr ====
{{see|WP:LINE}}
{{tag|hr|o}} or {{tag|hr|s}} represents a paragraph-level thematic break and presents as a horizontal rule.
{{markup
|<nowiki><hr /></nowiki>
|<hr />
}}
Wikimarkup: use <code>----</code>
{{markup
|<nowiki>----</nowiki>
|{{crlf2}}
----
}}
Templates: {{tlx|hr}}
==== Comments ====
{{see|WP:COMMENT}}
{{tag|!--}} formats the enclosed text as a hidden comment.
{{markup
|<nowiki>HyperText<!--Markup Language--></nowiki>
|HyperText<!--Markup Language-->
}}
Be careful with spacing around comments. Surrounding a comment with blank lines will result in a blank paragraph, perceived as an extra two blank lines:
{{markup|<nowiki>Content line 1
<!-- Comment -->
Content line 2</nowiki>|Content line 1
<!-- Comment -->
Content line 2}}
=== Formatting ===
==== abbr ====
{{tag|abbr}} creates a tooltip to define an abbreviation or acronym that is displayed on mouse-over.
{{markup
|<nowiki><abbr title="HyperText Markup Language">HTML</abbr></nowiki>
|2=<abbr title="HyperText Markup Language">HTML</abbr>
}}
Templates: {{tlx|abbr}}
==== b ====
{{see|MOS:BOLD}}
{{tag|b}} formats text stylistically offset from other text (bold) without conveying extra importance.
{{markup
|<nowiki><b>HyperText Markup Language</b></nowiki>
|<b>HyperText Markup Language</b>
}}
Wikimarkup: Use <code><nowiki>'''</nowiki></code> to open and close bold text.
{{markup
|<nowiki>'''HyperText Markup Language'''</nowiki>
|'''HyperText Markup Language'''
}}
==== bdi ====
{{tag|bdi}} isolates the content from the surrounding text-direction settings.
{{markup
|<nowiki>اليمين إلى اليسارleft to right
</nowiki>
|اليمين إلى اليسارleft to right
|<nowiki>اليمين إلى اليسار<bdi>left to right</bdi></nowiki>
|اليمين إلى اليسار<bdi>left to right</bdi>
}}
Support: Firefox, Chrome
==== bdo ====
{{tag|bdo}} specifies the text direction.
Attributes and values:
* <code>dir</code> — Specifies the text direction.
** <code>ltr</code>
** <code>rtl</code>
{{markup
|1=<nowiki><bdo dir="rtl">HyperText Markup Language</bdo></nowiki>
|2=<bdo dir="rtl">HyperText Markup Language</bdo>
}}
==== blockquote ====
{{see|MOS:QUOTE}}
{{tag|blockquote}} presents text in an offset block.
{{markup
|<nowiki><blockquote>HyperText Markup Language</blockquote></nowiki>
|<blockquote>HyperText Markup Language</blockquote>
}}
Templates: {{tlx|quote}}; supports pre-formatted attribution and source parameters. For other specialized quotation templates, see [[:Category:Quotation templates]].
==== cite ====
{{tag|cite}} contains the title of a work. This is a new definition in HTML5— in the previous XML implementation {{tag|cite|o}} was used to contain a citation or a reference to other sources. No formatting is applied when this tag is used.
{{markup
|<nowiki><cite>HyperText Markup Language</cite></nowiki>
|<cite>HyperText Markup Language</cite>
}}
==== code ====
{{tag|code}} formats a section of computer code. Styled with CSS through {{elements.css}} as a monospaced slab serif typeface with border.
{{markup
|<nowiki><code>HyperText Markup Language</code></nowiki>
|<code>HyperText Markup Language</code>
}}
Templates: {{tlx|code}} uses {{xtag|syntaxhighlight}}. See the "See also" section at the template page for additional code-markup templates.
See the {{section link||samp}} and {{section link||kbd}} sections of this page for semantic markup of output and input, respectively.
==== data ====
{{tag|data}} formats a machine-readable version of contents.
{{markup
|<nowiki><data value="978-0764502149">HTML for Dummies</data></nowiki>
|2=<data value="978-0764502149">HTML for Dummies</data>
}}
Attributes: <code>value</code>
==== del ====
{{tag|del}} formats deleted text.
{{markup
|<nowiki><del>HyperText Markup Language</del></nowiki>
|<del>HyperText Markup Language</del>
}}
==== dfn ====
{{tag|dfn}} is used for indicating the defining instance of a term.
{{markup
|<nowiki><dfn>Definition</dfn></nowiki>
|<dfn>Definition</dfn>
}}
Templates: {{tlx|dfn}}
==== em ====
{{see|MOS:ITALIC}}
{{tag|em}} represents a span of text with emphatic stress (i.e. semantic emphasis). In most browsers, it renders as italic.
{{markup
|<nowiki><em>HyperText Markup Language</em></nowiki>
|<em>HyperText Markup Language</em>
}}
Templates: {{tlx|em}}
==== i ====
{{see|MOS:ITALIC}}
{{tag|i}} represents a span of text offset from its surrounding content without conveying any extra emphasis or importance, and for which the conventional typographic presentation is italic text.
{{markup
|<nowiki><i>HyperText Markup Language</i></nowiki>
|<i>HyperText Markup Language</i>
}}
Wikimarkup: Use <code><nowiki>''</nowiki></code> to open and close italic text.
{{markup
|<nowiki>''HyperText Markup Language''</nowiki>
|''HyperText Markup Language''
}}
==== ins ====
{{tag|ins}} indicates a range of text that has been added. Styled as underlined text. Used on talk pages to indicate refactored text; see [[WP:REDACT]].
{{markup
|<nowiki><ins>HyperText Markup Language</ins></nowiki>
|<ins>HyperText Markup Language</ins>
}}
==== kbd ====
{{tag|kbd}} indicates user input such as keyboard input or voice commands.
{{markup
|<nowiki>Press <kbd>Enter</kbd></nowiki>
|Press <kbd>Enter</kbd>
}}
Templates:
* {{tlx|kbd}} applies monospace styling, and a light-grey background to distinguish from code ({{tag|code|o}}) and output ({{tag|samp|o}} or {{tlx|samp}}).
* {{tlx|key press}} renders illustrated keys and keystrokes.
==== mark ====
{{tag|mark}} represents a run of text in one document marked or highlighted for reference purposes, due to its relevance in another context. Marked text is formatted with a yellow background by default.
{{markup
|<nowiki><mark>HyperText Markup Language</mark></nowiki>
|<mark>HyperText Markup Language</mark>
|<nowiki><mark style="background:lightblue;">HyperText Markup Language</mark></nowiki>
|4=<mark style="background:lightblue;">HyperText Markup Language</mark>
}}
Support: Not supported by Internet Explorer 8 and below.
==== pre ====
{{tag|pre}} element represents a block of preformatted text. In MediaWiki, {{xtag|pre}} is actually a parser tag and not HTML, but the function is the same. It also prevents the parsing of templates.
{{markup
|<nowiki><pre>HyperText Markup Language</pre></nowiki>
|<pre>
HyperText Markup Language
</pre>
}}
===== HTML entities =====
{{tag|pre|o}} parses [[Character encodings in HTML|HTML entities]]. If you want to escape this, replace <code>&</code> with <code>&amp;</code>, or use {{xtag|source|params = lang="text"}} instead.
{{markup
|<nowiki><pre>&amp;</pre></nowiki>
|<pre>
&
</pre>
|<nowiki><pre>&lt;</pre></nowiki>
|<pre>
<
</pre>
|<nowiki><pre>&amp;amp;</pre></nowiki>
|<pre>
&amp;
</pre>
|<nowiki><pre>&amp;lt;</pre></nowiki>
|<pre>
&lt;
</pre>
}}
Templates:
* {{tlx|pre}} wraps text that overflows the page.
* {{tlx|pre2}} wraps or uses scrollbox.
==== q ====
{{tag|q}} is used to mark a short quotation. There has been very little implementation of this element in Wikipedia yet.
{{markup
|<nowiki><q>HyperText Markup Language</q></nowiki>
|<q>HyperText Markup Language</q>
}}
==== rp, rt, ruby ====
{{see|Ruby character}}
{{tag|ruby}} marks spans of phrasing content with ruby annotations.
{{tag|rt}} marks the ruby text component of a ruby annotation; the ruby text shows in a reduced size over top of the normal characters.
{{tag|rp}} is used to provide parentheses around a ruby text component of a ruby annotation, to be shown by user agents that don’t support ruby annotations.
Browsers that do not support ruby characters will show the ruby text in normal size, enclosed in parentheses and after the normal content.
{{markup
|<nowiki><ruby>
東<rp>(</rp><rt>とう</rt><rp>)</rp>
京<rp>(</rp><rt>きょう</rt><rp>)</rp>
</ruby></nowiki>
|<ruby>
東<rp>(</rp><rt>とう</rt><rp>)</rp>
京<rp>(</rp><rt>きょう</rt><rp>)</rp>
</ruby>
}}
Templates:
* {{tlx|ruby}}
* {{tlx|ruby-ja}} for Japanese
* {{tlx|Ruby-zh-p}} for Chinese pinyin
* {{tlx|Ruby-zh-b}} for Chinese bopomofo
==== s ====
{{tag|s}} is used to indicate content that is no longer accurate or relevant and that has been struck from the page. It is not appropriate when indicating document edits; to mark a span of text as having been removed from a document, use {{tag|del|o}}.
{{markup
|<nowiki><s>HyperText Markup Language</s></nowiki>
|<s>HyperText Markup Language</s>
}}
Templates: {{tlx|strikethrough}}
==== samp ====
{{tag|samp}} indicates sample output from a program or computing system. Examples include: output of a program, script, or Wikipedia template; status displays or audio announcements made by an app or device; file system directory listings and samples from them, such as paths and file names.
{{markup
|<nowiki><samp>HyperText Markup Language</samp></nowiki>
|<samp>HyperText Markup Language</samp>
}}
Templates: {{tlx|samp}} applies monospace styling, and gives the text in dark grey to distinguish from code ({{tag|code|o}}) and input ({{tag|kbd|o}} or {{tlx|kbd}}).
==== small ====
{{see|WP:FONTSIZE}}
{{tag|small}} format small text.
{{markup
|<nowiki><small>HyperText Markup Language</small></nowiki>
|<small>HyperText Markup Language</small>
}}
Templates:
* {{tlx|small}} uses {{tag|small|o|params=style="font-size:85%;"}}. {{tlx|small}} is recommended over {{tag|small|o}} since not all browsers render small text the same.
==== strong ====
{{tag|strong}} formats a span of text with strong importance or unusual emphasis; in most browsers it renders as boldface. This should generally not be used in Wikipedia articles, per [[WP:Neutral point of view]] policy. See [[MOS:BOLD]] on use of this element and other boldfacing. Most semantic emphasis, including in quoted material, should be rendered with the {{tag|em|o}} element.
{{markup
|<nowiki><strong>HyperText Markup Language</strong></nowiki>
|<strong>HyperText Markup Language</strong>
}}
Templates: {{tlx|strong}}
==== sub ====
{{see|WP:SUBSCRIPT}}
{{tag|sub}} formats a span of text as a subscript.
{{markup
|<nowiki>HyperText <sub>Markup Language</sub></nowiki>
|HyperText <sub>Markup Language</sub>
}}
Templates:
* {{tlx|sub}} ({{sub|subscript}} text)
* {{tlx|subsub}} ({{subsub|subscript subscript}} text)
* {{tlx|ssub}} ({{ssub|subscript, small}} text)
* {{tlx|sup}} ({{sup|superscript}} text)
* {{tlx|su}} ({{su|p=superscript|b=subscript}} text)
* {{tlx|sup sub}} (text{{sup sub|sup|sub}})
* {{tlx|e}} (1.23{{e|4}})
==== sup ====
{{see|WP:SUPSCRIPT}}
{{tag|sup}} formats a span of text as a superscript.
{{markup
|<nowiki>HyperText <sup>Markup Language</sup></nowiki>
|HyperText <sup>Markup Language</sup>
}}
Templates:
* {{tlx|sub}} ({{sub|subscript}} text)
* {{tlx|subsub}} ({{subsub|subscript subscript}} text)
* {{tlx|ssub}} ({{ssub|subscript, small}} text)
* {{tlx|sup}} ({{sup|superscript}} text)
* {{tlx|su}} ({{su|p=superscript|b=subscript}} text)
* {{tlx|sup sub}} (text{{sup sub|sup|sub}})
* {{tlx|e}} (1.23{{e|4}})
==== time ====
{{tag|time}} defines either a time (24 hour clock), or a date in the Gregorian calendar, optionally with a time and a time-zone offset.
{{markup
|<nowiki><time>10:00</time></nowiki>
|<time>10:00</time>
}}
Attributes: <code>datetime</code>
Support: Not supported by Internet Explorer 8 and below.
==== u ====
{{see|MOS:BADEMPHASIS|MOS:QUOTE}}
{{tag|u}} represents a span of text offset from its surrounding content without conveying any extra emphasis or importance, and for which the conventional typographic presentation is underlining; for example, a span of text in Chinese that is a proper name (a Chinese proper name mark), or span of text that is known to be misspelled.
{{markup
|<nowiki><u>HyperText Markup Language</u></nowiki>
|<u>HyperText Markup Language</u>
}}
Templates: {{tlx|underline}}
==== var ====
{{see|MOS:ITALIC}}
{{tag|var}} formats text in italics to indicate a variable in a mathematical expression or programming context, or placeholder text that the reader is meant to mentally replace with some other literal value.
{{markup
|1=
*<nowiki><var>E</var>=<var>m</var>c<sup>2</sup> (c is a constant not a variable)</nowiki>
*<nowiki><code><nowiki>{{</nowiki><var>TemplateName</var>|<var>parameter</var>=<var>value</var><nowiki>}}</nowiki></code></nowiki>
*<nowiki>If <var>A</var> then <var>B</var></nowiki>
|2=
*<var>E</var>=<var>m</var>c<sup>2</sup> (c is a constant not a variable)<br />
*<code><nowiki>{{</nowiki><var>TemplateName</var>{{!}}<var>parameter</var>=<var>value</var><nowiki>}}</nowiki></code><br />
*If <var>A</var> then <var>B</var>
}}
Templates:
* {{tlx|var}}
* {{tlx|varserif}} formatted in italic serif to differentiate characters
==== wbr ====
{{see| Wikipedia:Line-break handling}}
{{tag|wbr|o}} is a word break opportunity; that is, it specifies where it would be OK to add a line-break where a word is too long, or it is perceived that the browser will break a line at the wrong place.
{{markup
|<nowiki>Now is the time to become a power editor, by learning HyperText Markup Language</nowiki>
|Now is the time to become a power editor, by learning HyperText Markup Language
|<nowiki>Now is the time to become a power editor, by learning Hyper<wbr>Text Markup Language</nowiki>
|Now is the time to become a power editor, by learning Hyper<wbr />Text Markup Language
}}
As the browser window is adjusted narrower, the second example wraps between ''Hyper'' and ''Text''.
=== Lists ===
{{see|Help:List|MOS:LIST}}
Do not leave blank lines between items in a list unless there is a reason to do so, since this causes the MediaWiki software to interpret each item as beginning a new list.
==== dl, dt, dd ====
{{tag|dl}}, {{tag|dt}} and {{tag|dd}} are used to create a description list (formerly definition list) with terms and descriptions. Terms are displayed in bold and descriptions are indented. Each term <em>must</em> include one or more descriptions.
{{markup
|<nowiki><dl>
<dt>Term</dt>
<dd>Definition 1</dd>
<dd>Definition 2</dd>
</dl></nowiki>
|<dl>
<dt>Term</dt>
<dd>Definition 1</dd>
<dd>Definition 2</dd>
</dl>
}}
Wikimarkup: {{tag|dt|o}} is created using <code>;</code> while automatically enclosed in {{tag|dl}}. {{tag|dd|o}} is created using <code>:</code> for each value. For a single or first value the <code>:</code> can be placed on the same line after <code>;</code> where subsequent values must be placed on separate lines.
{{markup
|<nowiki>; Term
: Definition 1
: Definition 2</nowiki>
|<dl><!-- this wikimarkup does not render in this template -->
<dt>Term</dt>
<dd>Definition 1</dd>
<dd>Definition 2</dd>
</dl>
}}
Templates: {{tlx|defn}}
==== ol, ul, li ====
{{tag|ol}} represents an ordered list; {{tag|ul}} represents an unordered list; {{tag|li}} represents a list item within either type of list.
{{markup
|<nowiki><ol>
<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2</li>
</ol></nowiki>
|<ol>
<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2</li>
</ol>
|<nowiki><ul>
<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2</li>
</ul></nowiki>
|<ul>
<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2</li>
</ul>
}}
Wikimarkup: use <code>*</code> for items in an unordered list and <code>#</code> for ordered lists.
{{markup
|1=<nowiki># Item 1
# Item 2</nowiki>
|2=<nowiki />
# Item 1
# Item 2
|3=<nowiki>* Item 1
* Item 2</nowiki>
|4=<nowiki />
* Item 1
* Item 2
}}
Templates: for a variety of specialized uses, see [[:Category:List formatting and function templates]].
=== Containers ===
==== div ====
{{see|Span and div}}
{{tag|div}} is a generic container for flow content that displays as a block element.
{{markup
|<nowiki>HyperText <div>Markup</div> Language</nowiki>
|HyperText <div>Markup</div> Language
}}
==== span ====
{{see|Span and div}}
{{tag|span}} is a container for flow content that displays as an inline element.
{{markup
|<nowiki>HyperText <span>Markup</span> Language</nowiki>
|HyperText Markup Language
}}
=== Tables ===
{{see|Help:Table|MOS:TABLES}}
==== table, td, tr ====
{{tag|table}} defines a table.
{{tag|tr}} defines a table row.
{{tag|td}} defines a data cell with contents that may include text, links, images, lists, forms, other tables, etc.
{{markup
|<nowiki><table border=1>
<tr>
<td>data</td>
<td>data</td>
</tr>
</table></nowiki>
|2=<table border=1>
<tr>
<td>data</td>
<td>data</td>
</tr>
</table>
}}
Attributes:
* {{tag|table|o}}:
*: Allowed but not recommended: <code>border=""</code> and <code>border="1"</code>
*: Allowed but obsolete: <code>border</code> (with a non-empty value different from "1"), <code>align</code>, <code>bgcolor</code>, <code>cellpadding</code>, <code>cellspacing</code>, <code>frame</code>, <code>rules</code>, <code>summary</code>, <code>width</code><ref name="w3c_obsolete" />
* {{tag|td|o}}: <code>colspan</code>, <code>headers</code>, <code>rowspan</code>
*: Allowed but obsolete: <code>abbr</code>, <code>align</code>, <code>axis</code>, <code>bgcolor</code>, <code>scope</code>, <code>height</code>, <code>nowrap</code>, <code>valign</code>, <code>width</code><ref name="w3c_obsolete" />
==== th ====
{{tag|th}} defines a table header; styled as centered and bold.
{{markup
|<nowiki><table border="1">
<tr>
<th>Header</th>
<th>Header</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>data</td>
<td>data</td>
</tr>
</table></nowiki>
|2=<table border="1">
<tr>
<th>Header</th>
<th>Header</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>data</td>
<td>data</td>
</tr>
</table>
}}
Attributes:
* {{tag|th|o}}: <code>colspan</code>, <code>headers</code>, <code>rowspan</code>, <code>scope</code>
*: Allowed but obsolete: <code>abbr</code>, <code>align</code>, <code>axis</code>, <code>bgcolor</code>, <code>height</code>, <code>nowrap</code>, <code>valign</code>, <code>width</code><ref name="w3c_obsolete" />
==== caption ====
{{tag|caption}} adds a caption to a table.
{{markup
|<nowiki><table border=1>
<caption>Caption</caption>
<tr>
<td>data</td>
<td>data</td>
</tr>
</table></nowiki>
|2=<table border=1>
<caption>Caption</caption>
<tr>
<td>data</td>
<td>data</td>
</tr>
</table>
}}
Attributes:
* {{tag|caption|o}}:
*: Allowed but obsolete: <code>align</code><ref name="w3c_obsolete" />
==== thead, tfoot, tbody ====
{{tag|thead|o}}, {{tag|tfoot|o}} and {{tag|tbody|o}} are not supported, but are automatically generated when the page is rendered.
== Obsolete/deprecated elements ==
{{main|Wikipedia:HTML5#Obsolete elements and attributes}}
These elements are now obsolete and deprecated in HTML5, but still supported by browsers.<ref name="w3c_obsolete" /> These tags either have an alternate tag or a template that replaces their function with CSS. See {{slink|Wikipedia:HTML5#Obsolete elements and attributes}} for more details on obsolete HTML parts and their replacements.
=== center ===
{{for|centering tables|Help:Table#Centering tables}}
{{dc|{{tag|center}} (obsolete)}} is used to center text elements.
Templates: {{tlx|center}} uses CSS.
=== font ===
{{dc|{{tag|font}} (obsolete)}} is used to set the font size, font face and color of text.
Templates: {{tlx|font}} uses CSS.
=== rb ===
{{dc|{{tag|rb}} (obsolete)}} Used to mark base text in a ruby annotation
=== strike ===
{{dc|{{tag|strike}} (obsolete)}} formats strike-through characters; use {{tag|s|o}} instead.
=== tt ===
{{dc|{{tag|tt}} (obsolete)}} formats text in a fixed-width font. Use {{tag|code|o}}, {{tag|kbd|o}} or {{tag|samp|o}} instead.
Templates: {{tlx|mono}} uses CSS.
== Unsupported elements ==
These elements are not supported, but have equivalent wiki markup. Attempting to use any element not whitelisted by {{sanitizer.php}} will result in the markup showing as plain text.
=== a ===
{{details|Help:Wiki markup#Links and URLs}}
{{tag|a|o}} is used to create links. Use the <code><nowiki>[[ ]]</nowiki></code> wikimarkup for internal/intrawiki links and [[interwiki links]], and <code><nowiki>[ ]</nowiki></code> for external links.
=== input ===
{{details|mw:Extension:InputBox}}
{{tag|input|o}} is used to create [[Form (HTML)|forms]]. The {{xtag|inputbox}} extension tag is used to create a text box with a button.
== HTML Tidy ==
[[HTML Tidy]] is an outdated HTML4 library that is [[:mw:Parsing/Replacing Tidy|slated for removal]]. Tidy parses the MediaWiki output and cleans it up to increase the likelihood that valid HTML4 is rendered. For example, with Tidy enabled, {{tag|br|o}}, {{tag|br|c}}, {{tag|br/|o}}, {{tag|br.|o}} all rendered as {{tag|br|s}}. Tidy is not enabled for [[Help:MediaWiki namespace|MediaWiki interface pages]]. Tidy was never perfect and has been known to introduce errors.
== Exceptions ==
In some pages in the [[Help:MediaWiki namespace|MediaWiki namespace]], typically the short messages like button labels, HTML is not parsed, and tags will be exposed.
User and sitewide [[CSS]] and [[JavaScript]] pages are interpreted as if inside a {{tag|pre|o}} block. See [[Help:User style]].
== Validation ==
{{Main|Help:Markup validation}}
The MediaWiki software attempts to fix HTML errors, but it does not catch all of them. Where HTML is used, it is helpful to verify it with the [[W3C Markup Validation Service]].
== Parser and extension tags ==
{{shortcut|Help:Extension tag|Help:Parser tag}}
{{#section:Template:Xtag/doc|xtag}}
== See also ==
* [[Help:Wiki markup]]
* [[Wikipedia:HTML5]]
== References ==
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name="w3c_obsolete">{{cite web |title=HTML5: A vocabulary and associated APIs for HTML and XHTML: Obsolete Features |work=W3C |date=31 July 2014 |url=http://www.w3.org/TR/html5/obsolete.html}}</ref>
<ref name="sanitizer">Allowable elements and attributes are defined in the {{sanitizer.php}} module.</ref>
<ref name="html5microdata">{{cite web |title=The microdata model |work=HTML Living Standard |url=http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/multipage/microdata.html#the-microdata-model}}</ref>
}}
== External links ==
* HTML 4.01 specification: [http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/index/elements.html elements] | [http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/index/attributes.html attributes]
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[[Category:Wikipedia editor help]]
